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- CONEXXENCE DENOSUMAB 60 mg/mL Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC
CONEXXENCE
Summary of product characteristics
Indications And Usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Conexxence is a RANK ligand (RANKL) inhibitor indicated for treatment: of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture ( 1.1 ) to increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture ( 1.2 ) of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in men and women at high risk for fracture ( 1.3 ) to increase bone mass in men at high risk for fracture receiving androgen deprivation therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer ( 1.4 ) to increase bone mass in women at high risk for fracture receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer ( 1.5 ) 1.1 Treatment of Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis at High Risk for Fracture Conexxence is indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture, defined as a history of osteoporotic fracture, or multiple risk factors for fracture; or patients who have failed or are intolerant to other available osteoporosis therapy. In postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, denosumab reduces the incidence of vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )]. 1.2 Treatment to Increase Bone Mass in Men with Osteoporosis Conexxence is indicated for treatment to increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture, defined as a history of osteoporotic fracture, or multiple risk factors for fracture; or patients who have failed or are intolerant to other available osteoporosis therapy [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )]. 1.3 Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis Conexxence is indicated for the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in men and women at high risk of fracture who are either initiating or continuing systemic glucocorticoids in a daily dosage equivalent to 7.5 mg or greater of prednisone and expected to remain on glucocorticoids for at least 6 months. High risk of fracture is defined as a history of osteoporotic fracture, multiple risk factors for fracture, or patients who have failed or are intolerant to other available osteoporosis therapy [see Clinical Studies ( 14.3 )] . 1.4 Treatment of Bone Loss in Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer Conexxence is indicated as a treatment to increase bone mass in men at high risk for fracture receiving androgen deprivation therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer. In these patients denosumab also reduced the incidence of vertebral fractures [see Clinical Studies ( 14.4 )] . 1.5 Treatment of Bone Loss in Women Receiving Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy for Breast Cancer Conexxence is indicated as a treatment to increase bone mass in women at high risk for fracture receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer [see Clinical Studies ( 14.5 )] .
Adverse Reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are discussed below and also elsewhere in the labeling: Severe Hypocalcemia and Mineral Metabolism Changes [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Serious Infections [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Dermatologic Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] Osteonecrosis of the Jaw [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Atypical Subtrochanteric and Diaphyseal Femoral Fractures [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Multiple Vertebral Fractures (MVF) Following Treatment Discontinuation [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] The most common adverse reactions reported with denosumab products in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis are back pain, pain in extremity, musculoskeletal pain, hypercholesterolemia, and cystitis. The most common adverse reactions reported with denosumab products in men with osteoporosis are back pain, arthralgia, and nasopharyngitis. The most common adverse reactions reported with denosumab products in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis are back pain, hypertension, bronchitis, and headache. The most common (per patient incidence ≥ 10%) adverse reactions reported with denosumab products in patients with bone loss receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer or adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer are arthralgia and back pain. Pain in extremity and musculoskeletal pain have also been reported in clinical trials. The most common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of denosumab products in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis are back pain and constipation. Postmenopausal osteoporosis: Most common adverse reactions (> 5% and more common than placebo) were: back pain, pain in extremity, hypercholesterolemia, musculoskeletal pain, and cystitis. Pancreatitis has been reported in clinical trials. ( 6.1 ) Male osteoporosis: Most common adverse reactions (> 5% and more common than placebo) were: back pain, arthralgia, and nasopharyngitis. ( 6.1 ) Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: Most common adverse reactions (> 3% and more common than active-control group) were: back pain, hypertension, bronchitis, and headache. ( 6.1 ) Bone loss due to hormone ablation for cancer: Most common adverse reactions (≥ 10% and more common than placebo) were: arthralgia and back pain. Pain in extremity and musculoskeletal pain have also been reported in clinical trials. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC at 1-800-551-7176 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. Treatment of Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis The safety of denosumab in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis was assessed in a 3-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study of 7808 postmenopausal women aged 60 to 91 years. A total of 3876 women were exposed to placebo and 3886 women were exposed to denosumab administered subcutaneously once every 6 months as a single 60 mg dose. All women were instructed to take at least 1000 mg of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D supplementation per day. The incidence of all-cause mortality was 2.3% (n = 90) in the placebo group and 1.8% (n = 70) in the denosumab group. The incidence of nonfatal serious adverse events was 24.2% in the placebo group and 25.0% in the denosumab group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 2.1% and 2.4% for the placebo and denosumab groups, respectively. The most common adverse reactions reported with denosumab in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis are back pain, pain in extremity, musculoskeletal pain, hypercholesterolemia, and cystitis. Adverse reactions reported in ≥ 2% of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and more frequently in the denosumab-treated women than in the placebo-treated women are shown in the table below. Table 1. Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 2% of Patients with Osteoporosis and More Frequently than in Placebo-treated Patients Preferred Term Denosumab (N = 3886) n (%) Placebo (N = 3876) n (%) Back pain Pain in extremity Musculoskeletal pain Hypercholesterolemia Cystitis Vertigo Upper respiratory tract infection Edema peripheral Sciatica Bone pain Abdominal pain upper Anemia Insomnia Myalgia Angina pectoris Rash Pharyngitis Asthenia Pruritus Flatulence Spinal osteoarthritis Gastroesophageal reflux disease Herpes zoster 1347 (34.7) 453 (11.7) 297 (7.6) 280 (7.2) 228 (5.9) 195 (5.0) 190 (4.9) 189 (4.9) 178 (4.6) 142 (3.7) 129 (3.3) 129 (3.3) 126 (3.2) 114 (2.9) 101 (2.6) 96 (2.5) 91 (2.3) 90 (2.3) 87 (2.2) 84 (2.2) 82 (2.1) 80 (2.1) 79 (2.0) 1340 (34.6) 430 (11.1) 291 (7.5) 236 (6.1) 225 (5.8) 187 (4.8) 167 (4.3) 155 (4.0) 149 (3.8) 117 (3.0) 111 (2.9) 107 (2.8) 122 (3.1) 94 (2.4) 87 (2.2) 79 (2.0) 78 (2.0) 73 (1.9) 82 (2.1) 53 (1.4) 64 (1.7) 66 (1.7) 72 (1.9) Hypocalcemia Decreases in serum calcium levels to less than 8.5 mg/dL at any visit were reported in 0.4% women in the placebo group and 1.7% women in the denosumab group. The nadir in serum calcium level occurred at approximately day 10 after denosumab dosing in subjects with normal renal function. In clinical studies, subjects with impaired renal function were more likely to have greater reductions in serum calcium levels compared to subjects with normal renal function. In a study of 55 subjects with varying degrees of renal function, serum calcium levels < 7.5 mg/dL or symptomatic hypocalcemia were observed in 5 subjects. These included no subjects in the normal renal function group, 10% of subjects in the creatinine clearance 50 to 80 mL/min group, 29% of subjects in the creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min group, and 29% of subjects in the hemodialysis group. These subjects did not receive calcium and vitamin D supplementation. In a study of 4550 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, the mean change from baseline in serum calcium level 10 days after denosumab dosing was -5.5% in subjects with creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min vs. -3.1% in subjects with creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min. Serious Infections Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) is expressed on activated T and B lymphocytes and in lymph nodes. Therefore, a RANKL inhibitor such as denosumab products may increase the risk of infection. In the clinical study of 7808 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, the incidence of infections resulting in death was 0.2% in both placebo and denosumab treatment groups. However, the incidence of nonfatal serious infections was 3.3% in the placebo and 4.0% in the denosumab groups. Hospitalizations due to serious infections in the abdomen (0.7% placebo vs. 0.9% denosumab), urinary tract (0.5% placebo vs. 0.7% denosumab), and ear (0.0% placebo vs. 0.1% denosumab) were reported. Endocarditis was reported in no placebo patients and 3 patients receiving denosumab. Skin infections, including erysipelas and cellulitis, leading to hospitalization were reported more frequently in patients treated with denosumab (< 0.1% placebo vs. 0.4% denosumab). The incidence of opportunistic infections was similar to that reported with placebo. Dermatologic Adverse Reactions A significantly higher number of patients treated with denosumab developed epidermal and dermal adverse events (such as dermatitis, eczema, and rashes), with these events reported in 8.2% of the placebo and 10.8% of the denosumab groups (p < 0.0001). Most of these events were not specific to the injection site [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )]. Osteonecrosis of the Jaw ONJ has been reported in the osteoporosis clinical trial program in patients treated with denosumab [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]. Atypical Subtrochanteric and Diaphyseal Femoral Fractures In the osteoporosis clinical trial program, atypical femoral fractures were reported in patients treated with denosumab. The duration of denosumab exposure to time of atypical femoral fracture diagnosis was as early as 2½ years [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] . Multiple Vertebral Fractures (MVF) Following Treatment Discontinuation In the osteoporosis clinical trial program, multiple vertebral fractures were reported in patients after discontinuation of denosumab. In the phase 3 trial in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, 6% of women who discontinued denosumab and remained in the study developed new vertebral fractures, and 3% of women who discontinued denosumab and remained in the study developed multiple new vertebral fractures. The mean time to onset of multiple vertebral fractures was 17 months (range: 7-43 months) after the last injection of denosumab. Prior vertebral fracture was a predictor of multiple vertebral fractures after discontinuation [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] . Pancreatitis Pancreatitis was reported in 4 patients (0.1%) in the placebo and 8 patients (0.2%) in the denosumab groups. Of these reports, 1 patient in the placebo group and all 8 patients in the denosumab group had serious events, including one death in the denosumab group. Several patients had a prior history of pancreatitis. The time from product administration to event occurrence was variable. New Malignancies The overall incidence of new malignancies was 4.3% in the placebo and 4.8% in the denosumab groups. New malignancies related to the breast (0.7% placebo vs. 0.9% denosumab), reproductive system (0.2% placebo vs. 0.5% denosumab), and gastrointestinal system (0.6% placebo vs. 0.9% denosumab) were reported. A causal relationship to drug exposure has not been established. Treatment to Increase Bone Mass in Men with Osteoporosis The safety of denosumab in the treatment of men with osteoporosis was assessed in a 1-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. A total of 120 men were exposed to placebo and 120 men were exposed to denosumab administered subcutaneously once every 6 months as a single 60 mg dose. All men were instructed to take at least 1000 mg of calcium and 800 IU of vitamin D supplementation per day. The incidence of all-cause mortality was 0.8% (n = 1) in the placebo group and 0.8% (n = 1) in the denosumab group. The incidence of nonfatal serious adverse events was 7.5% in the placebo group and 8.3% in the denosumab group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 0% and 2.5% for the placebo and denosumab groups, respectively. Adverse reactions reported in ≥ 5% of men with osteoporosis and more frequently with denosumab than in the placebo-treated patients were: back pain (6.7% placebo vs. 8.3% denosumab), arthralgia (5.8% placebo vs. 6.7% denosumab), and nasopharyngitis (5.8% placebo vs. 6.7% denosumab). Serious Infections Serious infection was reported in 1 patient (0.8%) in the placebo group and no patients in the denosumab group. Dermatologic Adverse Reactions Epidermal and dermal adverse events (such as dermatitis, eczema, and rashes) were reported in 4 patients (3.3%) in the placebo group and 5 patients (4.2%) in the denosumab group. Osteonecrosis of the Jaw No cases of ONJ were reported. Pancreatitis Pancreatitis was reported in 1 patient (0.8%) in the placebo group and 1 patient (0.8%) in the denosumab group. New Malignancies New malignancies were reported in no patients in the placebo group and 4 (3.3%) patients (3 prostate cancers, 1 basal cell carcinoma) in the denosumab group. Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis The safety of denosumab in the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis was assessed in the 1-year, primary analysis of a 2-year randomized, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled study of 795 patients (30% men and 70% women) aged 20 to 94 (mean age of 63 years) treated with greater than or equal to 7.5 mg/day oral prednisone (or equivalent). A total of 384 patients were exposed to 5 mg oral daily bisphosphonate (active-control) and 394 patients were exposed to denosumab administered once every 6 months as a 60 mg subcutaneous dose. All patients were instructed to take at least 1000 mg of calcium and 800 IU of vitamin D supplementation per day. The incidence of all-cause mortality was 0.5% (n = 2) in the active-control group and 1.5% (n = 6) in the denosumab group. The incidence of serious adverse events was 17% in the active-control group and 16% in the denosumab group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 3.6% and 3.8% for the active-control and denosumab groups, respectively. Adverse reactions reported in ≥ 2% of patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and more frequently with denosumab than in the active-control-treated patients are shown in the table below. Table 2. Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 2% of Patients with Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis and More Frequently with Denosumab than in Active-Control-treated Patients *Events of worsening of underlying polymyalgia rheumatica. Preferred Term Denosumab (N=394) n (%) Oral Daily Bisphosphonate (Active-Control) (N=384) n (%) Back pain 18 (4.6) 17 (4.4) Hypertension 15 (3.8) 13 (3.4) Bronchitis 15 (3.8) 11 (2.9) Headache 14 (3.6) 7 (1.8) Dyspepsia 12 (3.0) 10 (2.6) Urinary tract infection 12 (3.0) 8 (2.1) Abdominal pain upper 12 (3.0) 7 (1.8) Upper respiratory tract infection 11 (2.8) 10 (2.6) Constipation 11 (2.8) 6 (1.6) Vomiting 10 (2.5) 6 (1.6) Dizziness 9 (2.3) 8 (2.1) Fall 8 (2.0) 7 (1.8) Polymyalgia rheumatica* 8 (2.0) 1 (0.3) Osteonecrosis of the Jaw No cases of ONJ were reported. Atypical Subtrochanteric and Diaphyseal Femoral Fractures Atypical femoral fractures were reported in 1 patient treated with denosumab. The duration of denosumab exposure to time of atypical femoral fracture diagnosis was at 8.0 months [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] . Serious Infections Serious infection was reported in 15 patients (3.9%) in the active-control group and 17 patients (4.3%) in the denosumab group. Dermatologic Adverse Reactions Epidermal and dermal adverse events (such as dermatitis, eczema, and rashes) were reported in 16 patients (4.2%) in the active-control group and 15 patients (3.8%) in the denosumab group. Treatment of Bone Loss in Patients Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer or Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy for Breast Cancer The safety of denosumab in the treatment of bone loss in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was assessed in a 3-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study of 1468 men aged 48 to 97 years. A total of 725 men were exposed to placebo and 731 men were exposed to denosumab administered once every 6 months as a single 60 mg subcutaneous dose. All men were instructed to take at least 1000 mg of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D supplementation per day. The incidence of serious adverse events was 30.6% in the placebo group and 34.6% in the denosumab group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 6.1% and 7.0% for the placebo and denosumab groups, respectively. The safety of denosumab in the treatment of bone loss in women with nonmetastatic breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy was assessed in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study of 252 postmenopausal women aged 35 to 84 years. A total of 120 women were exposed to placebo and 129 women were exposed to denosumab administered once every 6 months as a single 60 mg subcutaneous dose. All women were instructed to take at least 1000 mg of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D supplementation per day. The incidence of serious adverse events was 9.2% in the placebo group and 14.7% in the denosumab group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 4.2% and 0.8% for the placebo and denosumab groups, respectively. Adverse reactions reported in ≥ 10% of denosumab -treated patients receiving ADT for prostate cancer or adjuvant AI therapy for breast cancer, and more frequently than in the placebo-treated patients were: arthralgia (13.0% placebo vs. 14.3% denosumab) and back pain (10.5% placebo vs. 11.5% denosumab). Pain in extremity (7.7% placebo vs. 9.9% denosumab) and musculoskeletal pain (3.8% placebo vs. 6.0% denosumab) have also been reported in clinical trials. Additionally, in denosumab-treated men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving ADT, a greater incidence of cataracts was observed (1.2% placebo vs. 4.7% denosumab). Hypocalcemia (serum calcium < 8.4 mg/dL) was reported only in denosumab -treated patients (2.4% vs. 0.0%) at the month 1 visit. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience Because postmarketing reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of denosumab products: Drug-related hypersensitivity reactions: anaphylaxis, rash, urticaria, facial swelling, and erythema Hypocalcemia: severe symptomatic hypocalcemia resulting in hospitalization, life-threatening events, and fatal cases Musculoskeletal pain, including severe cases Parathyroid hormone (PTH): Marked elevation in serum PTH in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min) or receiving dialysis Multiple vertebral fractures following treatment discontinuation Cutaneous and mucosal lichenoid drug eruptions (e.g. lichen planus-like reactions) Alopecia Vasculitis (e.g. ANCA positive vasculitis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis) Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Conexxence is contraindicated in: Patients with hypocalcemia: Pre-existing hypocalcemia must be corrected prior to initiating therapy with Conexxence [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Pregnant women: Denosumab products may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In women of reproductive potential, pregnancy testing should be performed prior to initiating treatment with Conexxence [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 )] . Patients with hypersensitivity to denosumab products: Conexxence is contraindicated in patients with a history of systemic hypersensitivity to any component of the product. Reactions have included anaphylaxis, facial swelling, and urticaria [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 ), Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 )] . Hypocalcemia ( 4 , 5.1 ) Pregnancy ( 4 , 8.1 ) Known hypersensitivity to denosumab products ( 4 , 5.3 )
Description
11 DESCRIPTION Denosumab-bnht is a human IgG2 monoclonal antibody with affinity and specificity for human RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand). Denosumab-bnht has an approximate molecular weight of 147 kDa and is produced in genetically engineered mammalian (Chinese hamster ovary) cells. Conexxence (denosumab-bnht) injection is a sterile, preservative-free, clear, colorless to pale yellow solution for subcutaneous use. Each 1 mL single-dose prefilled syringe of Conexxence contains 60 mg denosumab-bnht (60 mg/mL solution), 0.23 mg glacial acetic acid, 0.1 mg polysorbate 20, 1.07 mg sodium acetate, 47 mg sorbitol, and Water for Injection (USP). The pH is 5.2.
Dosage And Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Pregnancy must be ruled out prior to administration of Conexxence. ( 2.1 ) Before initiating Conexxence in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, including dialysis patients, evaluate for the presence of chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder with intact parathyroid hormone, serum calcium, 25(OH) vitamin D, and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D. ( 2.2 , 5.1 , 8.6 ) Conexxence should be administered by a healthcare provider. ( 2.3 ) Administer 60 mg every 6 months as a subcutaneous injection in the upper arm, upper thigh, or abdomen. ( 2.3 ) Instruct patients to take calcium 1000 mg daily and at least 400 IU vitamin D daily. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Pregnancy Testing Prior to Initiation of Conexxence Pregnancy must be ruled out prior to administration of Conexxence. Perform pregnancy testing in all females of reproductive potential prior to administration of Conexxence. Based on findings in animals, denosumab products can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 , 8.3 )] . 2.2 Laboratory Testing in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease Prior to Initiation of Conexxence In patients with advanced chronic kidney disease [i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ], including dialysis-dependent patients, evaluate for the presence of chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) with intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), serum calcium, 25(OH) vitamin D, and 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D prior to decisions regarding Conexxence treatment. Consider also assessing bone turnover status (serum markers of bone turnover or bone biopsy) to evaluate the underlying bone disease that may be present [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . 2.3 Recommended Dosage Conexxence should be administered by a healthcare provider. The recommended dose of Conexxence is 60 mg administered as a single subcutaneous injection once every 6 months. Administer Conexxence via subcutaneous injection in the upper arm, the upper thigh, or the abdomen. All patients should receive calcium 1000 mg daily and at least 400 IU vitamin D daily [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . If a dose of Conexxence is missed, administer the injection as soon as the patient is available. Thereafter, schedule injections every 6 months from the date of the last injection. 2.4 Preparation and Administration Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Conexxence is a clear, colorless to pale yellow solution that is free from visible particles. Do not use if the solution is discolored or cloudy or if the solution contains particles or foreign particulate matter. Prior to administration, Conexxence may be removed from the refrigerator and brought to room temperature (up to 25°C/77°F) by standing in the original container. This generally takes 15 to 30 minutes. Do not warm Conexxence in any other way [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling ( 16 )]. Do not shake the prefilled syringe. Instructions for Administration of Conexxence Prefilled Syringe with Needle Safety Guard IMPORTANT: In order to minimize accidental needlesticks, the Conexxence single-dose prefilled syringe has an automatic clear needle safety guard. Conexxence prefilled syringe (Before & After Use) . See figure below. Step 1: Remove Needle Cap (see Figure A ) Do not hold the prefilled syringe by the plunger rod. Do not twist or bend the needle cap. Figure A Step 2: Administer Subcutaneous Injection Choose an injection site. The recommended injection sites for Conexxence include (see Figure B ): upper thigh abdomen upper arm Figure B Do not administer into muscle or blood vessel. Pinch the skin and insert the needle at a 45 to 90-degree angle. Push the plunger with a slow and constant pressure until you cannot press further and have injected all the liquid subcutaneously (see Figure C ). You may hear or feel a “click”. Figure C Step 3. Release Plunger Keeping the prefilled syringe at the injection site, slowly release the plunger and lift syringe off the skin. The clear needle guard will automatically cover the needle (see Figure D ). Do not recap the needle. Immediately dispose of the used prefilled syringe into a sharps disposal container. Figure D Figure Figure A Figure B Figure C Figure D
Adverse Reactions Table
Preferred Term | Denosumab (N = 3886) n (%) | Placebo (N = 3876) n (%) |
Back pain Pain in extremity Musculoskeletal pain Hypercholesterolemia Cystitis Vertigo Upper respiratory tract infection Edema peripheral Sciatica Bone pain Abdominal pain upper Anemia Insomnia Myalgia Angina pectoris Rash Pharyngitis Asthenia Pruritus Flatulence Spinal osteoarthritis Gastroesophageal reflux disease Herpes zoster | 1347 (34.7) 453 (11.7) 297 (7.6) 280 (7.2) 228 (5.9) 195 (5.0) 190 (4.9) 189 (4.9) 178 (4.6) 142 (3.7) 129 (3.3) 129 (3.3) 126 (3.2) 114 (2.9) 101 (2.6) 96 (2.5) 91 (2.3) 90 (2.3) 87 (2.2) 84 (2.2) 82 (2.1) 80 (2.1) 79 (2.0) | 1340 (34.6) 430 (11.1) 291 (7.5) 236 (6.1) 225 (5.8) 187 (4.8) 167 (4.3) 155 (4.0) 149 (3.8) 117 (3.0) 111 (2.9) 107 (2.8) 122 (3.1) 94 (2.4) 87 (2.2) 79 (2.0) 78 (2.0) 73 (1.9) 82 (2.1) 53 (1.4) 64 (1.7) 66 (1.7) 72 (1.9) |
Clinical Pharmacology
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action Denosumab products bind to RANKL, a transmembrane or soluble protein essential for the formation, function, and survival of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption. Denosumab products prevent RANKL from activating its receptor, RANK, on the surface of osteoclasts and their precursors. Prevention of the RANKL/RANK interaction inhibits osteoclast formation, function, and survival, thereby decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone mass and strength in both cortical and trabecular bone. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics In clinical studies, treatment with 60 mg of denosumab resulted in reduction in the bone resorption marker serum type 1 C-telopeptide (CTX) by approximately 85% by 3 days, with maximal reductions occurring by 1 month. CTX levels were below the limit of assay quantitation (0.049 ng/mL) in 39% to 68% of patients 1 to 3 months after dosing of denosumab. At the end of each dosing interval, CTX reductions were partially attenuated from a maximal reduction of ≥ 87% to ≥ 45% (range: 45% to 80%), as serum denosumab levels diminished, reflecting the reversibility of the effects of denosumab on bone remodeling. These effects were sustained with continued treatment. Upon reinitiation, the degree of inhibition of CTX by denosumab was similar to that observed in patients initiating denosumab treatment. Consistent with the physiological coupling of bone formation and resorption in skeletal remodeling, subsequent reductions in bone formation markers (i.e., osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 N-terminal peptide [P1NP]) were observed starting 1 month after the first dose of denosumab. After discontinuation of denosumab therapy, markers of bone resorption increased to levels 40% to 60% above pretreatment values but returned to baseline levels within 12 months. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics In a study conducted in healthy male and female volunteers (n = 73, age range: 18 to 64 years) following a single subcutaneously administered denosumab dose of 60 mg, the mean area-under-the-concentration-time curve up to 16 weeks (AUC 0-16 weeks ) of denosumab was 316 mcg⋅day/mL (standard deviation [SD] = 101 mcg⋅day/mL). The mean maximum denosumab concentration (C max ) was 6.75 mcg/mL (SD = 1.89 mcg/mL). No accumulation or change in denosumab pharmacokinetics with time is observed with multiple dosing of 60 mg subcutaneously administered once every 6 months. Absorption Following subcutaneous administration, the median time to maximum denosumab concentration (T max ) was 10 days (range: 3 to 21 days). Distribution The mean volume of distribution for denosumab was 5.2 L (SD = 1.7 L). Elimination Serum denosumab concentrations declined over a period of 4 to 5 months with a mean half-life of 25.4 days (SD = 8.5 days; n = 46). A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics. This analysis showed no notable differences in pharmacokinetics with age (in postmenopausal women), race, or body weight (36 to 140 kg). Seminal Fluid Pharmacokinetic Study Serum and seminal fluid concentrations of denosumab were measured in 12 healthy male volunteers (age range: 43-65 years). After a single 60 mg subcutaneous administration of denosumab, the mean (± SD) C max values in the serum and seminal fluid samples were 6170 (± 2070) and 100 (± 81.9) ng/mL, respectively, resulting in a maximum seminal fluid concentration of approximately 2% of serum levels. The median (range) T max values in the serum and seminal fluid samples were 8.0 (7.9 to 21) and 21 (8.0 to 49) days, respectively. Among the subjects, the highest denosumab concentration in seminal fluid was 301 ng/mL at 22 days post-dose. On the first day of measurement (10 days post-dose), nine of eleven subjects had quantifiable concentrations in semen. On the last day of measurement (106 days post-dose), five subjects still had quantifiable concentrations of denosumab in seminal fluid, with a mean (± SD) seminal fluid concentration of 21.1 (± 36.5) ng/mL across all subjects (n = 12). Drug Interactions In a study of 19 postmenopausal women with low BMD and rheumatoid arthritis treated with etanercept (50 mg subcutaneous injection once weekly), a single-dose of denosumab (60 mg subcutaneous injection) was administered 7 days after the previous dose of etanercept. No clinically significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of etanercept were observed. Cytochrome P450 substrates In a study of 17 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, midazolam (2 mg oral) was administered 2 weeks after a single-dose of denosumab (60 mg subcutaneous injection), which approximates the Tmax of denosumab. Denosumab did not affect the pharmacokinetics of midazolam, which is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). This indicates that denosumab products should not alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Specific Populations Gender: Mean serum denosumab concentration-time profiles observed in a study conducted in healthy men ≥ 50 years were similar to those observed in a study conducted in postmenopausal women using the same dose regimen. Age: The pharmacokinetics of denosumab were not affected by age across all populations studied whose ages ranged from 28 to 87 years. Race: The pharmacokinetics of denosumab were not affected by race. Renal Impairment: In a study of 55 patients with varying degrees of renal function, including patients on dialysis, the degree of renal impairment had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of denosumab; thus, dose adjustment for renal impairment is not necessary. Hepatic Impairment: No clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of denosumab products. 12.6 Immunogenicity The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, including those of denosumab or of other denosumab products. Using an electrochemiluminescent bridging immunoassay, less than 1% (55 out of 8113) of patients treated with denosumab for up to 5 years tested positive for binding antibodies (including pre-existing, transient, and developing antibodies). None of the patients tested positive for neutralizing antibodies, as was assessed using a chemiluminescent cell-based in vitro biological assay. There was no identified clinically significant effect of anti-drug antibodies on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, or effectiveness of denosumab.
Mechanism Of Action
12.1 Mechanism of Action Denosumab products bind to RANKL, a transmembrane or soluble protein essential for the formation, function, and survival of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption. Denosumab products prevent RANKL from activating its receptor, RANK, on the surface of osteoclasts and their precursors. Prevention of the RANKL/RANK interaction inhibits osteoclast formation, function, and survival, thereby decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone mass and strength in both cortical and trabecular bone.
Pharmacodynamics
12.2 Pharmacodynamics In clinical studies, treatment with 60 mg of denosumab resulted in reduction in the bone resorption marker serum type 1 C-telopeptide (CTX) by approximately 85% by 3 days, with maximal reductions occurring by 1 month. CTX levels were below the limit of assay quantitation (0.049 ng/mL) in 39% to 68% of patients 1 to 3 months after dosing of denosumab. At the end of each dosing interval, CTX reductions were partially attenuated from a maximal reduction of ≥ 87% to ≥ 45% (range: 45% to 80%), as serum denosumab levels diminished, reflecting the reversibility of the effects of denosumab on bone remodeling. These effects were sustained with continued treatment. Upon reinitiation, the degree of inhibition of CTX by denosumab was similar to that observed in patients initiating denosumab treatment. Consistent with the physiological coupling of bone formation and resorption in skeletal remodeling, subsequent reductions in bone formation markers (i.e., osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 N-terminal peptide [P1NP]) were observed starting 1 month after the first dose of denosumab. After discontinuation of denosumab therapy, markers of bone resorption increased to levels 40% to 60% above pretreatment values but returned to baseline levels within 12 months.
Pharmacokinetics
12.3 Pharmacokinetics In a study conducted in healthy male and female volunteers (n = 73, age range: 18 to 64 years) following a single subcutaneously administered denosumab dose of 60 mg, the mean area-under-the-concentration-time curve up to 16 weeks (AUC 0-16 weeks ) of denosumab was 316 mcg⋅day/mL (standard deviation [SD] = 101 mcg⋅day/mL). The mean maximum denosumab concentration (C max ) was 6.75 mcg/mL (SD = 1.89 mcg/mL). No accumulation or change in denosumab pharmacokinetics with time is observed with multiple dosing of 60 mg subcutaneously administered once every 6 months. Absorption Following subcutaneous administration, the median time to maximum denosumab concentration (T max ) was 10 days (range: 3 to 21 days). Distribution The mean volume of distribution for denosumab was 5.2 L (SD = 1.7 L). Elimination Serum denosumab concentrations declined over a period of 4 to 5 months with a mean half-life of 25.4 days (SD = 8.5 days; n = 46). A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics. This analysis showed no notable differences in pharmacokinetics with age (in postmenopausal women), race, or body weight (36 to 140 kg). Seminal Fluid Pharmacokinetic Study Serum and seminal fluid concentrations of denosumab were measured in 12 healthy male volunteers (age range: 43-65 years). After a single 60 mg subcutaneous administration of denosumab, the mean (± SD) C max values in the serum and seminal fluid samples were 6170 (± 2070) and 100 (± 81.9) ng/mL, respectively, resulting in a maximum seminal fluid concentration of approximately 2% of serum levels. The median (range) T max values in the serum and seminal fluid samples were 8.0 (7.9 to 21) and 21 (8.0 to 49) days, respectively. Among the subjects, the highest denosumab concentration in seminal fluid was 301 ng/mL at 22 days post-dose. On the first day of measurement (10 days post-dose), nine of eleven subjects had quantifiable concentrations in semen. On the last day of measurement (106 days post-dose), five subjects still had quantifiable concentrations of denosumab in seminal fluid, with a mean (± SD) seminal fluid concentration of 21.1 (± 36.5) ng/mL across all subjects (n = 12). Drug Interactions In a study of 19 postmenopausal women with low BMD and rheumatoid arthritis treated with etanercept (50 mg subcutaneous injection once weekly), a single-dose of denosumab (60 mg subcutaneous injection) was administered 7 days after the previous dose of etanercept. No clinically significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of etanercept were observed. Cytochrome P450 substrates In a study of 17 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, midazolam (2 mg oral) was administered 2 weeks after a single-dose of denosumab (60 mg subcutaneous injection), which approximates the Tmax of denosumab. Denosumab did not affect the pharmacokinetics of midazolam, which is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). This indicates that denosumab products should not alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Specific Populations Gender: Mean serum denosumab concentration-time profiles observed in a study conducted in healthy men ≥ 50 years were similar to those observed in a study conducted in postmenopausal women using the same dose regimen. Age: The pharmacokinetics of denosumab were not affected by age across all populations studied whose ages ranged from 28 to 87 years. Race: The pharmacokinetics of denosumab were not affected by race. Renal Impairment: In a study of 55 patients with varying degrees of renal function, including patients on dialysis, the degree of renal impairment had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of denosumab; thus, dose adjustment for renal impairment is not necessary. Hepatic Impairment: No clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of denosumab products.
Effective Time
20250331
Version
2
Dosage And Administration Table
Step 1: Remove Needle Cap (see | |
Step 2: Administer Subcutaneous Injection Choose an injection site. The recommended injection sites for Conexxence include (see | |
Do not administer into muscle or blood vessel. Pinch the skin and insert the needle at a 45 to 90-degree angle. Push the plunger with a slow and constant pressure until you cannot press further and have injected all the liquid subcutaneously (see | |
Step 3. Release Plunger Keeping the prefilled syringe at the injection site, slowly release the plunger and lift syringe off the skin. The clear needle guard will automatically cover the needle (see | |
Do not recap the needle. Immediately dispose of the used prefilled syringe into a sharps disposal container. |
Dosage Forms And Strengths
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Injection: 60 mg/mL clear, colorless to pale yellow solution in a single-dose prefilled syringe. Injection: 60 mg/mL solution in a single-dose prefilled syringe ( 3 )
Spl Product Data Elements
CONEXXENCE Denosumab Denosumab Denosumab Sorbitol Acetate Ion Polysorbate 20 Water Sodium Hydroxide
Animal Pharmacology And Or Toxicology
13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology Denosumab products are inhibitors of osteoclastic bone resorption via inhibition of RANKL. In ovariectomized monkeys, once-monthly treatment with denosumab suppressed bone turnover and increased BMD and strength of cancellous and cortical bone at doses 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose of 60 mg administered once every 6 months, based on body weight (mg/kg). Bone tissue was normal with no evidence of mineralization defects, accumulation of osteoid, or woven bone. Because the biological activity of denosumab in animals is specific to nonhuman primates, evaluation of genetically engineered (“knockout”) mice or use of other biological inhibitors of the RANK/RANKL pathway, namely OPG-Fc, provided additional information on the pharmacodynamic properties of denosumab products. RANK/RANKL knockout mice exhibited absence of lymph node formation, as well as an absence of lactation due to inhibition of mammary gland maturation (lobulo-alveolar gland development during pregnancy). Neonatal RANK/RANKL knockout mice exhibited reduced bone growth and lack of tooth eruption. A corroborative study in 2-week-old rats given the RANKL inhibitor OPG-Fc also showed reduced bone growth, altered growth plates, and impaired tooth eruption. These changes were partially reversible in this model when dosing with the RANKL inhibitors was discontinued.
Carcinogenesis And Mutagenesis And Impairment Of Fertility
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenicity The carcinogenic potential of denosumab products has not been evaluated in long-term animal studies. Mutagenicity The genotoxic potential of denosumab products has not been evaluated. Impairment of Fertility Denosumab had no effect on female fertility or male reproductive organs in monkeys at doses that were 13- to 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose of 60 mg subcutaneously administered once every 6 months, based on body weight (mg/kg).
Nonclinical Toxicology
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenicity The carcinogenic potential of denosumab products has not been evaluated in long-term animal studies. Mutagenicity The genotoxic potential of denosumab products has not been evaluated. Impairment of Fertility Denosumab had no effect on female fertility or male reproductive organs in monkeys at doses that were 13- to 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose of 60 mg subcutaneously administered once every 6 months, based on body weight (mg/kg). 13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology Denosumab products are inhibitors of osteoclastic bone resorption via inhibition of RANKL. In ovariectomized monkeys, once-monthly treatment with denosumab suppressed bone turnover and increased BMD and strength of cancellous and cortical bone at doses 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose of 60 mg administered once every 6 months, based on body weight (mg/kg). Bone tissue was normal with no evidence of mineralization defects, accumulation of osteoid, or woven bone. Because the biological activity of denosumab in animals is specific to nonhuman primates, evaluation of genetically engineered (“knockout”) mice or use of other biological inhibitors of the RANK/RANKL pathway, namely OPG-Fc, provided additional information on the pharmacodynamic properties of denosumab products. RANK/RANKL knockout mice exhibited absence of lymph node formation, as well as an absence of lactation due to inhibition of mammary gland maturation (lobulo-alveolar gland development during pregnancy). Neonatal RANK/RANKL knockout mice exhibited reduced bone growth and lack of tooth eruption. A corroborative study in 2-week-old rats given the RANKL inhibitor OPG-Fc also showed reduced bone growth, altered growth plates, and impaired tooth eruption. These changes were partially reversible in this model when dosing with the RANKL inhibitors was discontinued.
Application Number
BLA761398
Brand Name
CONEXXENCE
Generic Name
Denosumab
Product Ndc
65219-668
Product Type
HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Route
SUBCUTANEOUS
Laboratory Tests
2.2 Laboratory Testing in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease Prior to Initiation of Conexxence In patients with advanced chronic kidney disease [i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ], including dialysis-dependent patients, evaluate for the presence of chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) with intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), serum calcium, 25(OH) vitamin D, and 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D prior to decisions regarding Conexxence treatment. Consider also assessing bone turnover status (serum markers of bone turnover or bone biopsy) to evaluate the underlying bone disease that may be present [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] .
Package Label Principal Display Panel
Principal Display Panel – 60 mg/mL Carton Label NDC 65219-668-01 Rx only Scan for additional information Conexxence denosumab-bnht Injection 60 mg/mL For Subcutaneous use only Single-dose prefilled syringe. discard unused portion. Carton contains: 1 Single-dose prefilled syringe 1 Prescribing Information 1 Medication Guide Dispense the enclosed Medication Guide to each patient Sterile Solution - No Preservative Conexxence should be administered by a healthcare provider Fresenius Kabi Principal Display Panel – 60 mg/mL Carton Label
Information For Patients
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling ( Medication Guide ). Hypocalcemia Advise the patient to adequately supplement with calcium and vitamin D and instruct them on the importance of maintaining serum calcium levels while receiving Conexxence [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 )] . Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention if they develop signs or symptoms of hypocalcemia. Severe Hypocalcemia in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease Advise patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, including those who are dialysis-dependent, about the symptoms of hypocalcemia and the importance of maintaining serum calcium levels with adequate calcium and activated vitamin D supplementation. Advise these patients to have their serum calcium measured weekly for the first month after Conexxence administration and monthly thereafter [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 ), Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 )]. Drug Products with Same Active Ingredient Advise patients that if they receive Conexxence, they should not receive other denosumab products concomitantly [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] . Hypersensitivity Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention if signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions occur. Advise patients who have had signs or symptoms of systemic hypersensitivity reactions that they should not receive denosumab products [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 ), Contraindications ( 4 )] . Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Advise patients to maintain good oral hygiene during treatment with Conexxence and to inform their dentist prior to dental procedures that they are receiving Conexxence. Patients should inform their physician or dentist if they experience persistent pain and/or slow healing of the mouth or jaw after dental surgery [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] . Atypical Subtrochanteric and Diaphyseal Femoral Fractures Advise patients to report new or unusual thigh, hip, or groin pain [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]. Multiple Vertebral Fractures (MVF) Following Treatment Discontinuation Advise patients not to interrupt Conexxence therapy without talking to their physician [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )]. Serious Infections Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention if they develop signs or symptoms of infections, including cellulitis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] . Dermatologic Adverse Reactions Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention if they develop signs or symptoms of dermatological reactions (such as dermatitis, rashes, and eczema) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] . Musculoskeletal Pain Inform patients that severe bone, joint, and/or muscle pain have been reported in patients taking denosumab products. Patients should report severe symptoms if they develop [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 )] . Pregnancy/Nursing Counsel females of reproductive potential to use effective contraceptive measure to prevent pregnancy during treatment and for at least 5 months after the last dose of Conexxence. Advise the patient to contact their physician immediately if pregnancy does occur during these times. Advise patients not to take Conexxence while pregnant or breastfeeding. If a patient wishes to start breastfeeding after treatment, advise her to discuss the appropriate timing with her physician [see Contraindications ( 4 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 )] . Schedule of Administration Advise patients that if a dose of Conexxence is missed, the injection should be administered as soon as convenient. Thereafter, schedule injections every 6 months from the date of the last injection. Conexxence (denosumab-bnht) Manufactured by: Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC Lake Zurich, IL 60047, U.S.A U.S. License No. 2146 Prolia ® is a registered trademark of Amgen Inc. Figure
Spl Medguide
This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Issued: 03/2025 MEDICATION GUIDE Conexxence (kon ex' ens) (denosumab-bnht) Injection, for subcutaneous use What is the most important information I should know about Conexxence? If you receive Conexxence, you should not receive other denosumab products at the same time. Conexxence can cause serious side effects including: Increased risk of severe low calcium levels in your blood (hypocalcemia). Conexxence may lower the calcium levels in your blood. If you have low blood calcium before you start receiving Conexxence, it may get worse during treatment. Your low blood calcium must be treated before you receive Conexxence. Talk to your doctor before starting Conexxence. Your doctor may prescribe calcium and vitamin D to help prevent low calcium levels in your blood while you take Conexxence. Take calcium and vitamin D as your doctor tells you to. If you have advanced chronic kidney disease (may or may not be on kidney dialysis), Conexxence may increase your risk for severe low calcium levels in your blood, which could result in hospitalization, life-threatening events and death. A mineral and bone disorder associated with kidney disease called chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) may increase your risk for severe low calcium levels in blood. Before you start Conexxence and during treatment, your doctor may need to do certain blood tests to check for CKD-MBD. Most people with low blood calcium levels do not have symptoms, but some people may have symptoms. Call your doctor right away if you have symptoms of low blood calcium such as: spasms, twitches, or cramps in your muscles numbness or tingling in your fingers, toes, or around your mouth Serious allergic reactions. Serious allergic reactions have happened in people who take denosumab products. Call your doctor or go to your nearest emergency room right away if you have any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction. Symptoms of a serious allergic reaction may include: low blood pressure (hypotension) trouble breathing throat tightness swelling of your face, lips, or tongue rash itching hives Severe jaw bone problems (osteonecrosis). Severe jaw bone problems may happen when you take Conexxence. Your doctor should examine your mouth before you start Conexxence. Your doctor may tell you to see your dentist before you start Conexxence. It is important for you to practice good mouth care during treatment with Conexxence. Ask your doctor or dentist about good mouth care if you have any questions. Unusual thigh bone fractures. Some people have developed unusual fractures in their thigh bone. Symptoms of a fracture include new or unusual pain in your hip, groin, or thigh. Increased risk of broken bones, including broken bones in the spine, after stopping, skipping or delaying Conexxence. Talk with your doctor before starting Conexxence treatment. After your treatment with Conexxence is stopped, or if you skip or delay taking a dose, your risk for breaking bones, including bones in your spine, is increased. Your risk for having more than 1 broken bone in your spine is increased if you have already had a broken bone in your spine. Do not stop, skip or delay taking Conexxence without first talking with your doctor. If your Conexxence treatment is stopped, talk to your doctor about other medicine that you can take. Serious infections. Serious infections in your skin, lower stomach area (abdomen), bladder, or ear may happen if you take Conexxence. Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (endocarditis) due to an infection also may happen more often in people who take Conexxence. You may need to go to the hospital for treatment if you develop an infection. Conexxence is a medicine that may affect the ability of your body to fight infections. People who have a weakened immune system or take medicines that affect the immune system may have an increased risk for developing serious infections. Call your doctor right away if you have any of the following symptoms of infection: fever or chills skin that looks red or swollen and is hot or tender to touch fever, shortness of breath, cough that will not go away severe abdominal pain frequent or urgent need to urinate or burning feeling when you urinate Skin problems. Skin problems such as inflammation of your skin (dermatitis), rash, and eczema may happen if you take Conexxence. Call your doctor if you have any of the following symptoms of skin problems that do not go away or get worse: redness itching small bumps or patches (rash) your skin is dry or feels like leather blisters that ooze or become crusty skin peeling Bone, joint, or muscle pain. Some people who take denosumab products develop severe bone, joint, or muscle pain. Call your doctor right away if you have any of these side effects. What is Conexxence? Conexxence is a prescription medicine used to: Treat osteoporosis (thinning and weakening of bone) in women after menopause (“change of life”) who: are at high risk for fracture (broken bone) cannot use another osteoporosis medicine or other osteoporosis medicines did not work well Increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis who are at high risk for fracture. Treat osteoporosis in men and women who will be taking corticosteroid medicines (such as prednisone) for at least 6 months and are at high risk for fracture. Treat bone loss in men who are at high risk for fracture receiving certain treatments for prostate cancer that has not spread to other parts of the body. Treat bone loss in women who are at high risk for fracture receiving certain treatments for breast cancer that has not spread to other parts of the body. It is not known if Conexxence is safe and effective in children. Conexxence is not approved for use in children. Do not take Conexxence if you: have been told by your doctor that your blood calcium level is too low. are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. are allergic to denosumab products or any of the ingredients in Conexxence. See the end of this Medication Guide for a complete list of ingredients in Conexxence. Before taking Conexxence, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions, including if you: are taking other denosumab products. have low blood calcium. cannot take daily calcium and vitamin D. had parathyroid or thyroid surgery (glands located in your neck). have been told you have trouble absorbing minerals in your stomach or intestines (malabsorption syndrome). have kidney problems or are on kidney dialysis. are taking medicine that can lower your blood calcium levels. plan to have dental surgery or teeth removed. are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Conexxence may harm your unborn baby. Females who are able to become pregnant: Your healthcare provider should do a pregnancy test before you start treatment with Conexxence. You should use an effective method of birth control (contraception) during treatment with Conexxence and for at least 5 months after your last dose of Conexxence. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant while taking Conexxence. are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Conexxence passes into your breast milk. You and your doctor should decide if you will take Conexxence or breastfeed. You should not do both. Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take , including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of medicines with you to show to your doctor or pharmacist when you get a new medicine. How will I receive Conexxence? Conexxence is an injection that will be given to you by a healthcare provider. Conexxence is injected under your skin (subcutaneous). You will receive Conexxence 1 time every 6 months. You should take calcium and vitamin D as your doctor tells you to while you receive Conexxence. If you miss a dose of Conexxence, you should receive your injection as soon as you can. Take good care of your teeth and gums while you receive Conexxence. Brush and floss your teeth regularly. Tell your dentist that you are receiving Conexxence before you have dental work. What are the possible side effects of Conexxence? Conexxence may cause serious side effects. See “ What is the most important information I should know about Conexxence? ” It is not known if the use of Conexxence over a long period of time may cause slow healing of broken bones. The most common side effects of Conexxence in women who are being treated for osteoporosis after menopause are: back pain pain in your arms and legs high cholesterol muscle pain bladder infection The most common side effects of Conexxence in men with osteoporosis are: back pain joint pain common cold (runny nose or sore throat) The most common side effects of Conexxence in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis are: back pain high blood pressure lung infection (bronchitis) headache The most common side effects of Conexxence in patients receiving certain treatments for prostate or breast cancer are: joint pain back pain pain in your arms and legs muscle pain Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of Conexxence. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. How should I store Conexxence if I need to pick it up from a pharmacy? Keep Conexxence in a refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C) in the original carton. Do not freeze Conexxence. When you remove Conexxence from the refrigerator, Conexxence must be kept at room temperature [up to 77°F (25°C)] in the original carton and must be used within 14 days. Do not keep Conexxence at temperatures above 77°F (25°C). Warm temperatures will affect how Conexxence works. Do not shake Conexxence. Keep Conexxence in the original carton to protect from light. Keep Conexxence and all medicines out of the reach of children. General information about the safe and effective use of Conexxence. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use Conexxence for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Conexxence to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your doctor or pharmacist for information about Conexxence that is written for healthcare providers. What are the ingredients in Conexxence? Active ingredient: denosumab-bnht Inactive ingredients: glacial acetic acid, polysorbate 20, sodium acetate, sorbitol, and Water for Injection (USP). Sodium hydroxide may be added to adjust pH. Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC Lake Zurich, IL 60047, U.S.A U.S. License No. 2146
Spl Medguide Table
This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. | Issued: 03/2025 | ||||
MEDICATION GUIDE Conexxence (kon ex' ens) (denosumab-bnht) Injection, for subcutaneous use | |||||
What is the most important information I should know about Conexxence? If you receive Conexxence, you should not receive other denosumab products at the same time. Conexxence can cause serious side effects including: | |||||
Call your doctor right away if you have any of these side effects. | |||||
What is Conexxence? Conexxence is a prescription medicine used to: | |||||
It is not known if Conexxence is safe and effective in children. Conexxence is not approved for use in children. | |||||
Do not take Conexxence if you: | |||||
Before taking Conexxence, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions, including if you: | |||||
Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of medicines with you to show to your doctor or pharmacist when you get a new medicine. | |||||
How will I receive Conexxence? | |||||
What are the possible side effects of Conexxence? Conexxence may cause serious side effects. | |||||
The most common side effects of Conexxence in women who are being treated for osteoporosis after menopause are: | |||||
The most common side effects of Conexxence in men with osteoporosis are: | |||||
The most common side effects of Conexxence in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis are: | |||||
The most common side effects of Conexxence in patients receiving certain treatments for prostate or breast cancer are: | |||||
Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of Conexxence. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. | |||||
How should I store Conexxence if I need to pick it up from a pharmacy? | |||||
Keep Conexxence and all medicines out of the reach of children. | |||||
General information about the safe and effective use of Conexxence. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use Conexxence for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Conexxence to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your doctor or pharmacist for information about Conexxence that is written for healthcare providers. | |||||
What are the ingredients in Conexxence? Active ingredient: denosumab-bnht Inactive ingredients: glacial acetic acid, polysorbate 20, sodium acetate, sorbitol, and Water for Injection (USP). Sodium hydroxide may be added to adjust pH. Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC Lake Zurich, IL 60047, U.S.A U.S. License No. 2146 |
Clinical Studies
14 CLINICAL STUDIES 14.1 Treatment of Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis The efficacy and safety of denosumab in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis was demonstrated in a 3-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Enrolled women had a baseline BMD T-score between -2.5 and -4.0 at either the lumbar spine or total hip. Women with other diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Paget's disease) or on therapies that affect bone were excluded from this study. The 7808 enrolled women were aged 60 to 91 years with a mean age of 72 years. Overall, the mean baseline lumbar spine BMD T-score was -2.8, and 23% of women had a vertebral fracture at baseline. Women were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of either placebo (N = 3906) or denosumab 60 mg (N = 3902) once every 6 months. All women received at least 1000 mg calcium and 400 IU vitamin D supplementation daily. The primary efficacy variable was the incidence of new morphometric (radiologically-diagnosed) vertebral fractures at 3 years. Vertebral fractures were diagnosed based on lateral spine radiographs (T4-L4) using a semiquantitative scoring method. Secondary efficacy variables included the incidence of hip fracture and nonvertebral fracture, assessed at 3 years. Effect on Vertebral Fractures Denosumab significantly reduced the incidence of new morphometric vertebral fractures at 1, 2, and 3 years (p < 0.0001), as shown in Table 3 . The incidence of new vertebral fractures at year 3 was 7.2% in the placebo-treated women compared to 2.3% for the denosumab-treated women. The absolute risk reduction was 4.8% and relative risk reduction was 68% for new morphometric vertebral fractures at year 3. Table 3. The Effect of Denosumab on the Incidence of New Vertebral Fractures in Postmenopausal Women + Event rates based on crude rates in each interval. * Absolute risk reduction and relative risk reduction based on Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for age group variable. Proportion of Women with Fracture (%) + Absolute Risk Reduction (%) * (95% CI) Relative Risk Reduction (%) * (95% CI) Placebo N = 3691 (%) Denosumab N = 3702 (%) 0-1 Year 2.2 0.9 1.4 (0.8, 1.9) 61 (42, 74) 0-2 Years 5.0 1.4 3.5 (2.7, 4.3) 71 (61, 79) 0-3 Years 7.2 2.3 4.8 (3.9, 5.8) 68 (59, 74) Denosumab was effective in reducing the risk for new morphometric vertebral fractures regardless of age, baseline rate of bone turnover, baseline BMD, baseline history of fracture, or prior use of a drug for osteoporosis. Effect on Hip Fractures The incidence of hip fracture was 1.2% for placebo-treated women compared to 0.7% for denosumab-treated women at year 3. The age-adjusted absolute risk reduction of hip fractures was 0.3% with a relative risk reduction of 40% at 3 years (p = 0.04) ( Figure 1 ). Figure 1. Cumulative Incidence of Hip Fractures Over 3 Years N = number of subjects randomized Figure Effect on Nonvertebral Fractures Treatment with denosumab resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of nonvertebral fractures ( Table 4 ). Table 4. The Effect of Denosumab on the Incidence of Nonvertebral Fractures at Year 3 + Event rates based on Kaplan-Meier estimates at 3 years. 1 Excluding those of the vertebrae (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar), skull, facial, mandible, metacarpus, and finger and toe phalanges. * p-value = 0.01. Proportion of Women with Fracture (%) + Absolute Risk Reduction (%) (95% CI) Relative Risk Reduction (%) (95% CI) Placebo N = 3906 (%) Denosumab N = 3902 (%) Nonvertebral fracture 1 8.0 6.5 1.5 (0.3, 2.7) 20 (5, 33)* Effect on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Treatment with denosumab significantly increased BMD at all anatomic sites measured at 3 years. The treatment differences in BMD at 3 years were 8.8% at the lumbar spine, 6.4% at the total hip, and 5.2% at the femoral neck. Consistent effects on BMD were observed at the lumbar spine, regardless of baseline age, race, weight/body mass index (BMI), baseline BMD, and level of bone turnover. After denosumab discontinuation, BMD returned to approximately baseline levels within 12 months. Bone Histology and Histomorphometry A total of 115 transiliac crest bone biopsy specimens were obtained from 92 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at either month 24 and/or month 36 (53 specimens in denosumab group, 62 specimens in placebo group). Of the biopsies obtained, 115 (100%) were adequate for qualitative histology and 7 (6%) were adequate for full quantitative histomorphometry assessment. Qualitative histology assessments showed normal architecture and quality with no evidence of mineralization defects, woven bone, or marrow fibrosis in patients treated with denosumab. The presence of double tetracycline labeling in a biopsy specimen provides an indication of active bone remodeling, while the absence of tetracycline label suggests suppressed bone formation. In patients treated with denosumab, 35% had no tetracycline label present at the month 24 biopsy and 38% had no tetracycline label present at the month 36 biopsy, while 100% of placebo-treated patients had double label present at both time points. When compared to placebo, treatment with denosumab resulted in virtually absent activation frequency and markedly reduced bone formation rates. However, the long-term consequences of this degree of suppression of bone remodeling are unknown. 14.2 Treatment to Increase Bone Mass in Men with Osteoporosis The efficacy and safety of denosumab in the treatment to increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis was demonstrated in a 1-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Enrolled men had a baseline BMD T-score between -2.0 and -3.5 at the lumbar spine or femoral neck. Men with a BMD T-score between -1.0 and -3.5 at the lumbar spine or femoral neck were also enrolled if there was a history of prior fragility fracture. Men with other diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Paget's disease) or on therapies that may affect bone were excluded from this study. The 242 men enrolled in the study ranged in age from 31 to 84 years with a mean age of 65 years. Men were randomized to receive SC injections of either placebo (n = 121) or denosumab 60 mg (n = 121) once every 6 months. All men received at least 1000 mg calcium and at least 800 IU vitamin D supplementation daily. Effect on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) The primary efficacy variable was percent change in lumbar spine BMD from baseline to 1-year. Secondary efficacy variables included percent change in total hip, and femoral neck BMD from baseline to 1-year. Treatment with denosumab significantly increased BMD at 1-year. The treatment differences in BMD at 1-year were 4.8% (+0.9% placebo, +5.7% denosumab; (95% CI: 4.0, 5.6); p < 0.0001) at the lumbar spine, 2.0% (+0.3% placebo, +2.4% denosumab) at the total hip, and 2.2% (0.0% placebo, +2.1% denosumab) at femoral neck. Consistent effects on BMD were observed at the lumbar spine regardless of baseline age, race, BMD, testosterone concentrations, and level of bone turnover. Bone Histology and Histomorphometry A total of 29 transiliac crest bone biopsy specimens were obtained from men with osteoporosis at 12 months (17 specimens in denosumab group, 12 specimens in placebo group). Of the biopsies obtained, 29 (100%) were adequate for qualitative histology and, in denosumab patients, 6 (35%) were adequate for full quantitative histomorphometry assessment. Qualitative histology assessments showed normal architecture and quality with no evidence of mineralization defects, woven bone, or marrow fibrosis in patients treated with denosumab. The presence of double tetracycline labeling in a biopsy specimen provides an indication of active bone remodeling, while the absence of tetracycline label suggests suppressed bone formation. In patients treated with denosumab, 6% had no tetracycline label present at the month 12 biopsy, while 100% of placebo-treated patients had double label present. When compared to placebo, treatment with denosumab resulted in markedly reduced bone formation rates. However, the long-term consequences of this degree of suppression of bone remodeling are unknown. 14.3 Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis The efficacy and safety of denosumab in the treatment of patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis was assessed in the 12-month primary analysis of a 2-year, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled study (NCT 01575873) of 795 patients (70% women and 30% men) aged 20 to 94 years (mean age of 63 years) treated with greater than or equal to 7.5 mg/day oral prednisone (or equivalent) for < 3 months prior to study enrollment and planning to continue treatment for a total of at least 6 months (glucocorticoid-initiating subpopulation; n = 290) or ≥ 3 months prior to study enrollment and planning to continue treatment for a total of at least 6 months (glucocorticoid-continuing subpopulation, n = 505). Enrolled patients < 50 years of age were required to have a history of osteoporotic fracture. Enrolled patients ≥ 50 years of age who were in the glucocorticoid-continuing subpopulation were required to have a baseline BMD T-score of ≤ -2.0 at the lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck; or a BMD T-score ≤ -1.0 at the lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck and a history of osteoporotic fracture. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either an oral daily bisphosphonate (active-control, risedronate 5 mg once daily) (n = 397) or denosumab 60 mg subcutaneously once every 6 months (n = 398) for one year. Randomization was stratified by gender within each subpopulation. Patients received at least 1000 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D supplementation daily. Effect on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) In the glucocorticoid-initiating subpopulation, denosumab significantly increased lumbar spine BMD compared to the active-control at one year (Active-control 0.8%, denosumab 3.8%) with a treatment difference of 2.9% (p < 0.001). In the glucocorticoid-continuing subpopulation, denosumab significantly increased lumbar spine BMD compared to active-control at one year (Active-control 2.3%, denosumab 4.4%) with a treatment difference of 2.2% (p < 0.001). Consistent effects on lumbar spine BMD were observed regardless of gender; race; geographic region; menopausal status; and baseline age, lumbar spine BMD T-score, and glucocorticoid dose within each subpopulation. Bone Histology Bone biopsy specimens were obtained from 17 patients (11 in the active-control treatment group and 6 in the denosumab treatment group) at Month 12. Of the biopsies obtained, 17 (100%) were adequate for qualitative histology. Qualitative assessments showed bone of normal architecture and quality without mineralization defects or bone marrow abnormality. The presence of double tetracycline labeling in a biopsy specimen provides an indication of active bone remodeling, while the absence of tetracycline label suggests suppressed bone formation. In patients treated with active-control, 100% of biopsies had tetracycline label. In patients treated with denosumab, 1 (33%) had tetracycline label and 2 (67%) had no tetracycline label present at the 12 - month biopsy. Evaluation of full quantitative histomorphometry including bone remodeling rates was not possible in the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis population treated with denosumab. The long-term consequences of this degree of suppression of bone remodeling in glucocorticoid-treated patients is unknown. 14.4 Treatment of Bone Loss in Men with Prostate Cancer The efficacy and safety of denosumab in the treatment of bone loss in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were demonstrated in a 3-year, randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study. Men less than 70 years of age had either a BMD T-score at the lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck between -1.0 and -4.0, or a history of an osteoporotic fracture. The mean baseline lumbar spine BMD T-score was -0.4, and 22% of men had a vertebral fracture at baseline. The 1468 men enrolled ranged in age from 48 to 97 years (median 76 years). Men were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of either placebo (n = 734) or denosumab 60 mg (n = 734) once every 6 months for a total of 6 doses. Randomization was stratified by age (< 70 years vs. ≥ 70 years) and duration of ADT at trial entry (≤ 6 months vs. > 6 months). Seventy-nine percent of patients received ADT for more than 6 months at study entry. All men received at least 1000 mg calcium and 400 IU vitamin D supplementation daily. Effect on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) The primary efficacy variable was percent change in lumbar spine BMD from baseline to month 24. An additional key secondary efficacy variable was the incidence of new vertebral fracture through month 36 diagnosed based on x-ray evaluation by two independent radiologists. Lumbar spine BMD was higher at 2 years in denosumab -treated patients as compared to placebo-treated patients [-1.0% placebo, +5.6% denosumab; treatment difference 6.7% (95% CI: 6.2, 7.1); p < 0.0001]. With approximately 62% of patients followed for 3 years, treatment differences in BMD at 3 years were 7.9% (-1.2% placebo, +6.8% denosumab) at the lumbar spine, 5.7% (-2.6% placebo, +3.2% denosumab) at the total hip, and 4.9% (-1.8% placebo, +3.0% denosumab) at the femoral neck. Consistent effects on BMD were observed at the lumbar spine in relevant subgroups defined by baseline age, BMD, and baseline history of vertebral fracture. Effect on Vertebral Fractures Denosumab significantly reduced the incidence of new vertebral fractures at 3 years (p = 0.0125), as shown in Table 5 . Table 5. The Effect of Denosumab on the Incidence of New Vertebral Fractures in Men with Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer + Event rates based on crude rates in each interval. * Absolute risk reduction and relative risk reduction based on Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for age group and ADT duration variables. Proportion of Men with Fracture (%) + Absolute Risk Reduction (%) * (95% CI) Relative Risk Reduction (%) * (95% CI) Placebo N = 673 (%) Denosumab N = 679 (%) 0-1 Year 1.9 0.3 1.6 (0.5, 2.8) 85 (33, 97) 0-2 Years 3.3 1.0 2.2 (0.7, 3.8) 69 (27, 86) 0-3 Years 3.9 1.5 2.4 (0.7, 4.1) 62 (22, 81) 14.5 Treatment of Bone Loss in Women with Breast Cancer The efficacy and safety of denosumab in the treatment of bone loss in women receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy for breast cancer was assessed in a 2-year, randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study. Women had baseline BMD T-scores between -1.0 to -2.5 at the lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck, and had not experienced fracture after age 25. The mean baseline lumbar spine BMD T-score was -1.1, and 2.0% of women had a vertebral fracture at baseline. The 252 women enrolled ranged in age from 35 to 84 years (median 59 years). Women were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of either placebo (n = 125) or denosumab 60 mg (n = 127) once every 6 months for a total of 4 doses. Randomization was stratified by duration of adjuvant AI therapy at trial entry (≤ 6 months vs. > 6 months). Sixty-two percent of patients received adjuvant AI therapy for more than 6 months at study entry. All women received at least 1000 mg calcium and 400 IU vitamin D supplementation daily. Effect on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) The primary efficacy variable was percent change in lumbar spine BMD from baseline to month 12. Lumbar spine BMD was higher at 12 months in denosumab -treated patients as compared to placebo-treated patients [-0.7% placebo, +4.8% denosumab; treatment difference 5.5% (95% CI: 4.8, 6.3); p < 0.0001]. With approximately 81% of patients followed for 2 years, treatment differences in BMD at 2 years were 7.6% (-1.4% placebo, +6.2% denosumab) at the lumbar spine, 4.7 % (-1.0% placebo, +3.8% denosumab) at the total hip, and 3.6% (-0.8% placebo, +2.8% denosumab) at the femoral neck.
Clinical Studies Table
+ Event rates based on crude rates in each interval. | ||||
* Absolute risk reduction and relative risk reduction based on Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for age group variable. | ||||
Proportion of Women with Fracture (%)+ | Absolute Risk Reduction (%)* (95% CI) | Relative Risk Reduction (%)* (95% CI) | ||
Placebo N = 3691 (%) | Denosumab N = 3702 (%) | |||
0-1 Year | 2.2 | 0.9 | 1.4 (0.8, 1.9) | 61 (42, 74) |
0-2 Years | 5.0 | 1.4 | 3.5 (2.7, 4.3) | 71 (61, 79) |
0-3 Years | 7.2 | 2.3 | 4.8 (3.9, 5.8) | 68 (59, 74) |
Geriatric Use
8.5 Geriatric Use Of the total number of patients in clinical studies of denosumab, 9943 patients (76%) were ≥ 65 years old, while 3576 (27%) were ≥ 75 years old. Of the patients in the osteoporosis study in men, 133 patients (55%) were ≥ 65 years old, while 39 patients (16%) were ≥ 75 years old. Of the patients in the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis study, 355 patients (47%) were ≥ 65 years old, while 132 patients (17%) were ≥ 75 years old. No overall differences in safety or efficacy were observed between these patients and younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.
Pediatric Use
8.4 Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of Conexxence have not been established in pediatric patients. In one multicenter, open-label study with denosumab conducted in 153 pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta, aged 2 to 17 years, evaluating fracture risk reduction, efficacy was not established. Hypercalcemia has been reported in pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta treated with denosumab products. Some cases required hospitalization and were complicated by acute renal injury [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.11 )] . Clinical studies in pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta were terminated early due to the occurrence of life-threatening events and hospitalizations due to hypercalcemia. Based on results from animal studies, denosumab may negatively affect long-bone growth and dentition in pediatric patients below the age of 4 years. Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data Treatment with denosumab products may impair long-bone growth in children with open growth plates and may inhibit eruption of dentition. In neonatal rats, inhibition of RANKL (the target of denosumab therapy) with a construct of osteoprotegerin bound to Fc (OPG-Fc) at doses ≤ 10 mg/kg was associated with inhibition of bone growth and tooth eruption. Adolescent primates treated with denosumab at doses 10 and 50 times (10 and 50 mg/kg dose) higher than the recommended human dose of 60 mg administered every 6 months, based on body weight (mg/kg), had abnormal growth plates, considered to be consistent with the pharmacological activity of denosumab [see Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2 )] . Cynomolgus monkeys exposed in utero to denosumab exhibited bone abnormalities, an absence of axillary, inguinal, mandibular, and mesenteric lymph nodes, reduced hematopoiesis, tooth malalignment, and decreased neonatal growth. Some bone abnormalities recovered once exposure was ceased following birth; however, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes remained absent 6 months post-birth [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 )] .
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Conexxence is contraindicated for use in pregnant women because it may cause harm to a fetus. There are insufficient data with denosumab products use in pregnant women to inform any drug-associated risks for adverse developmental outcomes. In utero denosumab exposure from cynomolgus monkeys dosed monthly with denosumab throughout pregnancy at a dose 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose based on body weight resulted in increased fetal loss, stillbirths, and postnatal mortality, and absent lymph nodes, abnormal bone growth, and decreased neonatal growth [see Data ] . Data Animal Data The effects of denosumab on prenatal development have been studied in both cynomolgus monkeys and genetically engineered mice in which RANK ligand (RANKL) expression was turned off by gene removal (a “knockout mouse”). In cynomolgus monkeys dosed subcutaneously with denosumab throughout pregnancy starting at gestational day 20 and at a pharmacologically active dose 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose based on body weight, there was increased fetal loss during gestation, stillbirths, and postnatal mortality. Other findings in offspring included absence of axillary, inguinal, mandibular, and mesenteric lymph nodes; abnormal bone growth, reduced bone strength, reduced hematopoiesis, dental dysplasia, and tooth malalignment; and decreased neonatal growth. At birth out to 1 month of age, infants had measurable blood levels of denosumab (22-621% of maternal levels). Following a recovery period from birth out to 6 months of age, the effects on bone quality and strength returned to normal; there were no adverse effects on tooth eruption, though dental dysplasia was still apparent; axillary and inguinal lymph nodes remained absent, while mandibular and mesenteric lymph nodes were present, though small; and minimal to moderate mineralization in multiple tissues was seen in one recovery animal. There was no evidence of maternal harm prior to labor; adverse maternal effects occurred infrequently during labor. Maternal mammary gland development was normal. There was no fetal NOAEL (no observable adverse effect level) established for this study because only one dose of 50 mg/kg was evaluated. Mammary gland histopathology at 6 months of age was normal in female offspring exposed to denosumab in utero; however, development and lactation have not been fully evaluated. In RANKL knockout mice, absence of RANKL (the target of denosumab) also caused fetal lymph node agenesis and led to postnatal impairment of dentition and bone growth. Pregnant RANKL knockout mice showed altered maturation of the maternal mammary gland, leading to impaired lactation [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.2 ), Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2 )] . The no effect dose for denosumab product-induced teratogenicity is unknown. However, a C max of 22.9 ng/mL was identified in cynomolgus monkeys as a level in which no biologic effects (NOEL) of denosumab were observed (no inhibition of RANKL) [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )].
Use In Specific Populations
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnant women and females of reproductive potential: Denosumab products may cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during therapy, and for at least 5 months after the last dose of Conexxence. ( 8.1 , 8.3 ) Pediatric patients: Conexxence is not approved for use in pediatric patients. ( 8.4 ) Renal impairment: No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with renal impairment. Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), including dialysis-dependent patients, are at greater risk of severe hypocalcemia. The presence of underlying chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder markedly increases the risk of hypocalcemia. ( 5.1 , 8.6 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Conexxence is contraindicated for use in pregnant women because it may cause harm to a fetus. There are insufficient data with denosumab products use in pregnant women to inform any drug-associated risks for adverse developmental outcomes. In utero denosumab exposure from cynomolgus monkeys dosed monthly with denosumab throughout pregnancy at a dose 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose based on body weight resulted in increased fetal loss, stillbirths, and postnatal mortality, and absent lymph nodes, abnormal bone growth, and decreased neonatal growth [see Data ] . Data Animal Data The effects of denosumab on prenatal development have been studied in both cynomolgus monkeys and genetically engineered mice in which RANK ligand (RANKL) expression was turned off by gene removal (a “knockout mouse”). In cynomolgus monkeys dosed subcutaneously with denosumab throughout pregnancy starting at gestational day 20 and at a pharmacologically active dose 50-fold higher than the recommended human dose based on body weight, there was increased fetal loss during gestation, stillbirths, and postnatal mortality. Other findings in offspring included absence of axillary, inguinal, mandibular, and mesenteric lymph nodes; abnormal bone growth, reduced bone strength, reduced hematopoiesis, dental dysplasia, and tooth malalignment; and decreased neonatal growth. At birth out to 1 month of age, infants had measurable blood levels of denosumab (22-621% of maternal levels). Following a recovery period from birth out to 6 months of age, the effects on bone quality and strength returned to normal; there were no adverse effects on tooth eruption, though dental dysplasia was still apparent; axillary and inguinal lymph nodes remained absent, while mandibular and mesenteric lymph nodes were present, though small; and minimal to moderate mineralization in multiple tissues was seen in one recovery animal. There was no evidence of maternal harm prior to labor; adverse maternal effects occurred infrequently during labor. Maternal mammary gland development was normal. There was no fetal NOAEL (no observable adverse effect level) established for this study because only one dose of 50 mg/kg was evaluated. Mammary gland histopathology at 6 months of age was normal in female offspring exposed to denosumab in utero; however, development and lactation have not been fully evaluated. In RANKL knockout mice, absence of RANKL (the target of denosumab) also caused fetal lymph node agenesis and led to postnatal impairment of dentition and bone growth. Pregnant RANKL knockout mice showed altered maturation of the maternal mammary gland, leading to impaired lactation [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.2 ), Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2 )] . The no effect dose for denosumab product-induced teratogenicity is unknown. However, a C max of 22.9 ng/mL was identified in cynomolgus monkeys as a level in which no biologic effects (NOEL) of denosumab were observed (no inhibition of RANKL) [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )]. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary There is no information regarding the presence of denosumab products in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. Denosumab was detected in the maternal milk of cynomolgus monkeys up to 1 month after the last dose of denosumab (≤ 0.5% milk:serum ratio) and maternal mammary gland development was normal, with no impaired lactation. However, pregnant RANKL knockout mice showed altered maturation of the maternal mammary gland, leading to impaired lactation [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 ), Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2 )] . 8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential Based on findings in animals, denosumab products can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 )] . Pregnancy Testing Verify the pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating Conexxence treatment. Contraception Females Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during therapy, and for at least 5 months after the last dose of Conexxence. Males Denosumab was present at low concentrations (approximately 2% of serum exposure) in the seminal fluid of male subjects given denosumab. Following vaginal intercourse, the maximum amount of denosumab delivered to a female partner would result in exposures approximately 11,000 times lower than the prescribed 60 mg subcutaneous dose, and at least 38 times lower than the NOEL in monkeys. Therefore, male condom use would not be necessary as it is unlikely that a female partner or fetus would be exposed to pharmacologically relevant concentrations of denosumab products via seminal fluid [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . 8.4 Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of Conexxence have not been established in pediatric patients. In one multicenter, open-label study with denosumab conducted in 153 pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta, aged 2 to 17 years, evaluating fracture risk reduction, efficacy was not established. Hypercalcemia has been reported in pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta treated with denosumab products. Some cases required hospitalization and were complicated by acute renal injury [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.11 )] . Clinical studies in pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta were terminated early due to the occurrence of life-threatening events and hospitalizations due to hypercalcemia. Based on results from animal studies, denosumab may negatively affect long-bone growth and dentition in pediatric patients below the age of 4 years. Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data Treatment with denosumab products may impair long-bone growth in children with open growth plates and may inhibit eruption of dentition. In neonatal rats, inhibition of RANKL (the target of denosumab therapy) with a construct of osteoprotegerin bound to Fc (OPG-Fc) at doses ≤ 10 mg/kg was associated with inhibition of bone growth and tooth eruption. Adolescent primates treated with denosumab at doses 10 and 50 times (10 and 50 mg/kg dose) higher than the recommended human dose of 60 mg administered every 6 months, based on body weight (mg/kg), had abnormal growth plates, considered to be consistent with the pharmacological activity of denosumab [see Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2 )] . Cynomolgus monkeys exposed in utero to denosumab exhibited bone abnormalities, an absence of axillary, inguinal, mandibular, and mesenteric lymph nodes, reduced hematopoiesis, tooth malalignment, and decreased neonatal growth. Some bone abnormalities recovered once exposure was ceased following birth; however, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes remained absent 6 months post-birth [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 )] . 8.5 Geriatric Use Of the total number of patients in clinical studies of denosumab, 9943 patients (76%) were ≥ 65 years old, while 3576 (27%) were ≥ 75 years old. Of the patients in the osteoporosis study in men, 133 patients (55%) were ≥ 65 years old, while 39 patients (16%) were ≥ 75 years old. Of the patients in the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis study, 355 patients (47%) were ≥ 65 years old, while 132 patients (17%) were ≥ 75 years old. No overall differences in safety or efficacy were observed between these patients and younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. 8.6 Renal Impairment No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with renal impairment. Severe hypocalcemia resulting in hospitalization, life-threatening events and fatal cases have been reported postmarketing. In clinical studies, patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (i.e., eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), including dialysis-dependent patients, were at greater risk of developing hypocalcemia. The presence of underlying chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD, renal osteodystrophy) markedly increases the risk of hypocalcemia. Concomitant use of calcimimetic drugs may also worsen hypocalcemia risk. Consider the benefits and risks to the patient when administering Conexxence to patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Monitor calcium and mineral levels (phosphorus and magnesium). Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is important in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease including dialysis-dependent patients [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 ), Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 ) and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] .
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING How Supplied Conexxence (denosumab-bnht) injection is a clear, colorless to pale yellow solution in a single-dose prefilled syringe with an automatic clear needle safety guard. 60 mg/mL in a single-dose prefilled syringe 1 per carton NDC 6521966801 Storage and Handling Store Conexxence refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton. Do not freeze. Prior to administration, Conexxence may be allowed to reach room temperature [up to 77°F (25°C)] in the original container. Once removed from the refrigerator, Conexxence must not be exposed to temperatures above 77°F (25°C) and must be used within 14 days. Discard Conexxence if not used within 14 days. Do not use Conexxence after the expiry date printed on the label. Protect Conexxence from direct light and heat. Avoid vigorous shaking of Conexxence.
How Supplied Table
60 mg/mL in a single-dose prefilled syringe | 1 per carton | NDC 6521966801 |
Storage And Handling
Storage and Handling Store Conexxence refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton. Do not freeze. Prior to administration, Conexxence may be allowed to reach room temperature [up to 77°F (25°C)] in the original container. Once removed from the refrigerator, Conexxence must not be exposed to temperatures above 77°F (25°C) and must be used within 14 days. Discard Conexxence if not used within 14 days. Do not use Conexxence after the expiry date printed on the label. Protect Conexxence from direct light and heat. Avoid vigorous shaking of Conexxence.
Boxed Warning
WARNING: SEVERE HYPOCALCEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED KIDNEY DISEASE Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), including dialysis-dependent patients, are at greater risk of severe hypocalcemia following denosumab products administration. Severe hypocalcemia resulting in hospitalization, life-threatening events and fatal cases have been reported [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . The presence of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) markedly increases the risk of hypocalcemia in these patients [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Prior to initiating Conexxence in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, evaluate for the presence of CKD-MBD. Treatment with Conexxence in these patients should be supervised by a healthcare provider with expertise in the diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 ) and Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. WARNING: SEVERE HYPOCALCEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED KIDNEY DISEASE See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease are at greater risk of severe hypocalcemia following denosumab products administration. Severe hypocalcemia resulting in hospitalization, life-threatening events and fatal cases have been reported. ( 5.1 ) The presence of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) markedly increases the risk of hypocalcemia. ( 5.1 ) Prior to initiating Conexxence in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, evaluate for the presence of CKD-MBD. Treatment with Conexxence in these patients should be supervised by a healthcare provider with expertise in the diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD. ( 2.2 ), ( 5.1 )
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